The Health Risks Of Gmos - 870 Words

Rights Along with the health risks of GMOs in question, another issue fueling this debate over labeling, is whether people have a right to know or not. Without federal intervention, states are taking this issue into their own hands; bills like Proposition 105 in Colorado, are popping up on ballots in states across the nation as consumers try to enforce their right to know. To tackle this side of the issue we will examine all the parties involved and discuss what their motives may be for or against labeling GMOs. Right now only three states have passed laws that require GMOs to be labeled, but it has been an uphill battle for these three states ever since. Vermont was the first state to pass this law and has come under fire from large businesses suing the state claiming their GMO labeling law is â€Å"unconstitutional†. These lawsuits plaguing Vermont, have consequently caused Connecticut and Maine to hold off on implementing their labeling laws until bordering states implement labeling laws of their own. As consumer concerns rise, some companies have proactively taken this issue into their own hands. Some companies have decided to voluntarily label foods that are absent of ingredients that are genetically modified, while others have enforced GMO labeling of all foods in their stores. Stated in the article, â€Å"Americans Weighs in on GMO labeling in new poll,† one of these companies that is requiring labeling is Whole Foods. The article states, â€Å"Whole Foods plans to have all GMOShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between Gmos And The Autism1676 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween the genetically modified organism foods and numerous neurological health conditions, research was conducted to determine the relationship between GMOs and the autism. Theoretical associations and risks used to exist before they prompted the researchers to find empirical research of the association. For example, Smith quotes Arden Anderson, MD, Ph.D., MPH, stating that it appears there is a direct correlatio n between GMOs and autism. Physician Jennifer Armstrong is also quoted admitting thatRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods And Seeds1590 Words   |  7 Pagesand processing of foods, the connection between nature and one s plate has been abandoned. GMOs or genetically modified organisms have been another key factor into the nation’s struggle. These modified foods and seeds were created with the future of the food industry in mind, yet they have been proven to create harmful effects. GMOs have been at the root of the major food issues within America. The use of GMOs within the food industry needs to decline, in order to see improvement within the food industryRead MoreAre Gmos Harmful Or Harmful?1115 Words   |  5 Pagesthings are a health risk in people’s lives. This can include things that may be as drastic as drugs or factory byproducts. It can also be something as small as a lack of sleep or not drinking the proper amount of water. Each of these things pose a diffe rent health risk, but it all comes down to the same idea: they can be very harmful. GMOs are included on this long list of things that can pose a risk to one’s health. GMOs, because of their unnatural modifications, create several health problems thatRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos )1105 Words   |  5 Pagesorganisms (GMOs). GMOs are substances which have had their genetic material altered through unnatural processes. Since the advent of the first GMO in 1973, the modification of plants and animals through the introduction of a new trait or the alteration of a gene has significantly increased (Aleksejeva 5). With increasing genetic modifications of plants and animals for food products, and the widespread presence of GM foods in the market, consumers are beginning to ask more questions about the health effectsRead MoreGmo Case Study990 Words   |  4 PagesCategories of GMOs (genetically modified organisms), such as plants, food, drugs, biological products, p esticides, microorganisms are regulated by a variety of US agencies, which include the US Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, the Food and Drug Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency. These agencies operate based on regulations set by the Plant Protection Act, the Federal Food, Drug, the Cosmetic Act, Public Health Service Act, the Federal InsecticideRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods1101 Words   |  4 Pagesimpact is on human health? Approximately 60-80 % of everyday food has one ingredient made from genetically modified foods. When hearing â€Å"genetically modified food† people automatically think it is only bad for health, but there is also a good impact surprisingly. The one bad thing is that people do not know what types food have been modified because there are no labels for GMO products. Even though GMOs have a bad impact on human health, it also has a good impact. First off GMOs are genetically modifiedRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And Its Effects On Human Health938 Words   |  4 Pagesconcerned with health risks that GMOs may bring. Many health experts today insist that genetically modified foods do not pose health risks. Recently, there have been some health issues caused by gene manipulation causing allergic reactions. With strict regulations, GMOs could be a value asset to human health. Overview: ‘Genetically Modified Organisms’ is a huge topic today amongst health experts. It is a term commonly said, yet readily misunderstood. A genetically modified organism or GMO is typicallyRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos )1460 Words   |  6 PagesGMO: The Injected Truth Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) are often misconstrued. Most people believe that GMOs are a new way of how foods are being produced, and even though GMOs have been increasing there should still be certain precautions must be taken when consuming GMOs. Being because GMOs can be very serious issues, and since there are a lot of misconceptions about it, it is imperative that people understand what GMOs are and the problems that they are causing. For instance, GMO’s areRead MoreChanging The Negative Perception Of Gmos1649 Words   |  7 PagesChanging the Negative Perception of GMOs A negative perception of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is prevalent among our society. This negative perception is evidenced not only in the numerous advertisements proclaiming â€Å"non-GMO† and â€Å"all natural† products; it is also shown in network news, social media, marketing, and even academic journals. There are many factors that contribute to the negative perception of GMOs, including misunderstanding or confusion, lack of knowledge, ethics, religionRead MoreShould Gmos Be Considered Part Of A Sustainable Food System?1161 Words   |  5 PagesGenetically-Modified Foods, commonly known as GMOs, are crop plants that have been created for human and animal consumption by genetic engineering techniques of biotechnology. These crop plants have been modified in a lab to create a desired trait that has been undertaken through breeding methods. Lately, there has been major controversy and disputes on if GMOs are a solution or a problem in today’s socie ty. Now, a question for debate is, should GMOs be considered part of a sustainable food system

The Effects Of Disability And On The Population Of...

This paper will provide an in depth discussion on disability and abuse in the population of children and adults. The goal of this paper is to trace the history of intervention, prevention, and policy for individuals with disabilities including thorough review of disabled children, Adults in home setting, DV/IPV, adults in residential settings, and the elderly. In addition, a review of gaps in service provision and implications for improved services, collaboration between interdisciplinary resources, improved monitoring risk, education of individuals with disabilities, education for caregivers, and more accessible resources for managing behaviors and providing support for families, and caregivers will be reviewed. The current state of child and adult protection will also be a point of discussion. Abuse, Neglect, and Disability Defined Consistency in the definition of abuse has been one of the most ongoing variances in abuse prevention. Depending on the discipline, the elements of abuse that is specific to a particular population is typically based on the presentation of abuse against the vulnerable group. Abuse as defined by the World Health Organization is any act or failure to act, which results in the significant breach of a vulnerable persons human rights, civil liberties, bodily integrity, dignity or general well-being, whether intended or unintended including sexual interactions, or financial transactions to which the person cannot consent or which are deliberatelyShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Ableism : Social Costs Incurred By Disability1263 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Costs Incurred by Disability (First Rough Draft) Introduction To the average American, the notion that structural inequity within US government creates disadvantages for those in marginalized groups comes as no surprise. Citizens generally acknowledge race, gender, and class as key determinants in one’s social standing. However, what is often overlooked are the structural benefits of being abled within the US- both physically and developmentally. The disabled population starts at a disadvantageRead MoreHow Self Determination, Education, Has On Children Who Have Special Needs Essay1467 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to explore the effect self-determination, in education, has on children who have special needs. The goal of this paper is to show that people with special needs need to be taught self-determination in order to produce an independent adult who can take care of themselves to their fullest extent. Upon looking at the research cited, it has become evident that a low level of self-determination will result in a child that cannot make decisions for themselves. Those studentsRead MoreDemographic Structure Includes Name, Age, Sex And Ethnicity1071 Words   |  5 Pageswith learning. The majority of children with a learning difficulty do not have an identified diagnosis but some will have, which includes those with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Many of those who have difficulties learning do not have associated learning disabilities as defined above. Approximately 10% of the general population are thought to have learning difficulties. Learning difficulties within children and young people means a learningRead MoreEffects Of Disorganized Attachmentment788 Words   |  4 Pages2004). Young adults who had experienced disorganized attachment with their own caregiver as an infant, have higher levels of overall psychopathology at 17 years of age (Benoit,2004). A previous situation of disorganized attachment can result in a child being impaired to operation skills and self-regulation. However, according to Lyons-Ruth’s study found that 25% of adolescents with disorganized attachment as a baby were not disrupted at seven years old. (Malekpour, 2007). Most children involved inRead MoreThe Effect Of Teenage Pregnancy On Children1636 Words   |  7 PagesThis study examined the effect of teenage pregnancy on children by exploring the results of an ADHD survey, ASRS-v1.1. The study sampled 100 kindergarten students, 50 had teenage mothers and 50 had mothers who gave birth during adulthood. A quantitative research me thod was utilized along with the difference-oriented research strategy approach. The independent variable is identified as the age of pregnancy and the two variant levels are: pregnant teens, ages 13-19, and pregnant women in adulthoodRead MoreTransitions Advantages And Disadvantages800 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many parents who want to ensure their children live the best possible life imaginable. Some lives bring increased challenges through no fault of their own. The struggles life presents can provide hidden opportunities to not only increase their own quality of life but potentially others. The hidden values are not always seen by everyone, however that wasn’t the case in the creation of Transitions. Society values demonstrates a mindset that individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum DisorderRead MoreThe Disabled With The Utmost Kindness And Compassion1449 Words   |  6 Pages In today’s society, people with disabilities are being ignored. Most others in good health don’t consider what life must be like for them. The treatment of these people has become an issue in this county, and there are steps that need to be taken in order to resolve it. Treating the disabled with the utmost kindness and compassion is an important undertaking which needs to endeavored upon. As disabilities in our society are increasing, understanding both the situations the people are in and theirRead MoreChild Abuse979 Words   |  4 PagesChild Abuse 2 Just about all children have many different experiences that will have a major impact on their lives before they reach full maturity. A child can face a lot of dangerous things from the environment surroundings them which might seriously affect their whole life. The definition of Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act: Child abuse is any action from adult to a child that can be harmful to the child’s body or mental (Children Welfare Information Gateway 2007). In theRead MoreCauses And Effects Of Poverty1511 Words   |  7 Pagesdemographics of poor children are as followed: 56 percent African American, 36 percent Caucasian, and 8 percent are of other ethnicities (Ratcliffe Kalish, 2017). Research found that among poor children, 62 percent graduate from high school compared to the 90 percent of children who never experience poverty (Ratcliffe Kalish, 2017). The long-term effects of the lower graduation rates of children in poverty is that poor children are l ess likely to be successful economically as adults than their less-poorRead MoreMalnutrition And Its Effects On Children821 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In Nepal, malnutrition accounts for 60% of child deaths. More and more than 50,000 children die each year from malnutrition. Side effects vary from child to adult. Malnutrition is most severe in children, causing growth failure, irritability, muscle wasting, swelling of the abdomen and legs, and skin becoming dry. There are two types of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) in children, Marasmus and Kwashiorkor: . †¢ Marasmus is linked to weight loss and muscle wasting. Fat beneath the skin

Peter Singer The Golden Rule Free Essays

World poverty is arguably at the forefront of issues plaguing our society as a whole today. I found an article displaying some of Peter Singers thought experiments that will further help display his beliefs. In his essay The Singer Solution to World Poverty, world-renowned author and philosopher Singer claims he has the solution. We will write a custom essay sample on Peter Singer: The Golden Rule or any similar topic only for you Order Now Singer asserts that materialism is the roadblock preventing the third world’s climb from despair into prosperity. The author begins his essay by detailing two thought experiments; the first recounts a Brazilian film, â€Å"Central Station,† in which the main harasser, Dora, unknowingly causes a young boy to be sold into the organ trade. After some debates as to Odor’s real motives, as well as further contemplation, Dora decides to rescue the boy (Singer). Singer applauds Odor’s actions and notes that had Dora decided the boys fate was not her responsibility and kept the money she gained as a result of her part, the movie’s audience would have demonic her; conversely she maintains a positive light in the eyes of those watching the movie only by rescuing the boy. Singer further notes however, that most of those able to go see a movie, are in a better place than Dora herself, explaining how what she gave up to save the boy was of greater value than the audience could relate to (Singer). Singer then raises an ethical question: What is the difference between Dora selling the child into the organ trade, and the average American who chooses not to donate money to organizations that could benefit a child in similar situation of need? Singer acknowledges the situational differences of physically putting a child in that situation compared to mere inaction, yet, pointing out that he is a utilitarian philosopher; he claims the end results are the name (Singer). Singer’s next thought experiment details a character named Bob who is close to retirement and owns a very valuable classic car. To sum things up Bob finds himself in a situation where a child is dangerously trapped on a train track. Bob is the only one around and the only way he can save the child is by diverting the train down a separate track, resulting in the destruction of the car. In the story, Bob chooses not to divert the coming train, the child is killed, and bob proceeds on in his life with the car, which brings him years of enjoyment and financial security (Singer). Singer argues that Bob’s actions are clearly morally incorrect, and claims most would agree. However, Singer states that most readers who would quickly condemn Bob’s actions are not much different. Singer cites calculations saying the $200 in donations, after all the deductions made by organizations and politics, would essentially save the life of an imperiled toddler in a third world country, or at least give them a significant chance at reaching adulthood (Singer). Singer next argues those who have money to spare and do not donate it, are effectively as morally wrong as Bob, who watched a hill brutally die (Singer). Singer goes on to detail how much of the western world has massive wealth surpluses. He again cites research claiming the average American household spends close to forty percent, or twenty thousand dollars annually on superfluous spending. Singer marvels at how many children that small amount of money could save, and continues to detail that while a household income an increase, it’s necessary spending proportionately does not, freeing up even more unneeded income. Through this logic Singer claims a household making $100,000 annually, could donate nearly $70,000. Singer wraps his argument up with a simple equation; all money being spent on luxuries and anything other than a necessity, should be given away. Furthermore, all money being spent on luxuries is indirectly resulting in the deaths of innocent youth, and those doing the spending, are morally responsible for avoidable deaths of impoverished children. Singer aims to demonstrate, that while Bob likely thought he was quite unlucky to be put in such a situation, in fact he was not, and all of us with additional income are in the same boat. Clearly, Singer hopes to open the eyes of richer nations and invoke a sense of accessibility towards making their extraneous means count toward the world’s well being, and arguably he does so. With the demonstrations of the detailed stories I explained earlier, Singer indeed executed his beliefs fairly well. Anyone with a conscious and decent moral compass can admit the life of another human being is worth saving, many would agree it would not hurt to give up western luxuries to do so. Singer makes it easy to see how the wealth of the western world could ago long way in restoring health and prosperity into some areas of the world which are very much in need. On the surface Singers conclusion: we ought to give a country in famine aid seems like it would work great. In the long run, Singer’s plan will not be successful. Let’s break down the logical component of Singers argument. First off, Singer relies almost entirely on his consequentiality ethics this has some telling drawbacks. While the worldwide effect of such thinking is usually positive, since such ethics rely on cost/ benefit analysis, the hard conclusions are rarely so simple. A reoccurring problem with such thinking is the secondary, and tertiary effects are not usually factored in. Once we apply that critical template to Singer’s thinking, some momentous issues emerge, namely, economics. If we as Americans were to take all our extraneous income, and simply donate it to countries in need, what would the end result be? The economic ramifications would gigantic, and while this may seem extreme, we could wind up in a simple role reversal, quickly finding ourselves in need. Again, this is extreme, but it effectively demonstrates the results. Our economy relies on extraneous spending, it is the only way it can sustain itself. Simply put there is no re- deeding effect from donations, no recirculation of wealth, no more money to receive, and thus unnecessarily spend again. As a result, the supplemental income Singer refers to would quickly disappear. From a more cynical perspective, let’s critique Singer’s utilitarian views on a scarier level. A more chilling result from Singer’s solution is population increase. As ‘immoral’ as it may be, all of the children who do not live past there earlier years help keep the problem at bay. In reality if we were to embrace singer’s solution, a quick result would be thousands of young impoverished children surviving into adulthood. A lightly slower result would be all of those impoverished children growing up, and raising impoverished families, effectively multiplying the problem. While as I said, this is cynical, it is also utilitarian. What is good for those impoverished children, is not necessarily good for society, and throwing all our extra income at them, isn’t going to magically cure their situation. In actuality though, my best argument for Singer’s solution is a simple one. Think about it, how many impoverished children are in the age bracket (toddlers) that Singer refers to? One million? 100 million? At $200 per child, that large overestimation moms out to twenty billion dollars. Initially such statistics support Singers argument. The United States alone has a gross economy in the trillions, so shaving a little off the top should go a long way to help right? In reality world poverty is not a new problem, and I can think of several wealthy westerners, who collectively could easily write a check for that. And arguably have gone a long way in their attempts to do so. This argument speaks for itself; money is not the answer. While it definitely is one of the means necessary to help solve this problem, it is not the chief factor in fixing this issue. These people need societal and political reform. 200 per child is not going to halt genocide in Africa, or change the fact that certain societies in South America simply are not conducive to public health. All this goes to illustrate how much Singer chooses to leave out of his solution. Singer makes a solid argument, with huge social and financial implications, yet it is not without holes. The author, being both a scholar and a philosopher, has a smooth writing style, and it shows. He invokes Just the right amount of inquiry, logic, and writes with such an authority that it becomes easy to to question both his statistics and the evidence he either omitted, or did not realize. Due to this, Singer’s argument itself is markedly effective, making it is easy to feel compelled from the points he makes, and the illustrations he uses. He invokes strong feelings of guilt, and assigns a social liability for the welfare of those less fortunate, but his support is ultimately less than pragmatic. While Singer’s intentions are pure, and to such a degree are worth of some merit, simple logically analysis of much of his deductively supported report shows his solution is impractical. This is not to say How to cite Peter Singer: The Golden Rule, Papers

The Sat Essay Research Paper English 101004Research free essay sample

The Sat Essay, Research Paper English 101.004 Research Paper March 1, 2000 Does the SAT show a direct correlativity with a pupil? s success rate during his first semester of college? About every individual who is of the age of 18 or older has encountered some kind of standardised trial at some clip in their lives. Whether or non they scored as they had hoped, is a different narrative. Some people have seen that the mark that they had received on a trial wasn # 8217 ; t needfully an accurate portraiture of the manner that they were traveling to win at what they were proving for. Many colleges throughout the United States require a peculiar mark from the SAT # 8217 ; s for entree to their establishment. Does that peculiar trial mark reflect how the pupil is traveling to make in college? Of class it doesn # 8217 ; t. The SAT is no longer an aptitude trial. The SAT is besides non a valid trial. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sat Essay Research Paper English 101004Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The SAT # 8217 ; s besides fail to demo how difficult a pupil works at something, and the possible that they may hold. What is the SAT? Harmonizing to Good ( 1957 ) , the scholastic-aptitude trial is # 8220 ; a trial used to foretell the installation with which the person will come on in larning academic school topics # 8221 ; ( 602 ) . This tells us that the SAT is an aptitude trial. An aptitude trial is # 8220 ; a trial for finding the chance of a individual # 8217 ; s success in some activity in which he is non yet trained # 8221 ; ( Neufeldt 68 ; 1991 ) . The definitions given supra state what the SAT is, and what it does. Not all people agree with this idea. Does the SAT needfully state a high school pupil what sort of classs they are traveling to have their first semester of college? Does the SAT truly prove aptitude? Harmonizing to some experts on the subject, even though the word aptitude appears in the acronym, the trial itself has barely anything to make with aptitude at all ( Lemann # ? ? ; Dejnozka and Kapel ; 456 ) The trial is now more likely correlated with an intelligence trial a nd an achievement trial. Harmonizing to Deighton ( 1971 ) # 8220 ; No trial is valid for all intents, in all state of affairss, or for all groups of pupils ( 165 ) . This is giving an overall statement that no trial can possibley show that it is a valid trial. But, even if the trial did demo worthiness to the effectivity of it # 8217 ; s proclaimed anticipations, it would still be unable to foretell the future result of the pupils GPA as a college pupil. If the SAT could foretell such a thing, so there would be prognostic cogency shown by the tonss of the trials. # 8220 ; Predictive cogency is the proof of Scholastic Aptitude Test ( SAT ) scores as a step of academic ability by their correlativity with subsequent pupil grade-point norms ( Alkin et al. 1330 ) . The SAT can be a slightly nice forecaster of college result, but non the best when used entirely. Lemann ( 1999 ) says â€Å"†¦.the SAT is built to make one simple thing: predict what a high school senior’s grade-point norm will be in the first sememster of college. It does this good enought to be utile, though non good plenty to be omniscient ( newpaper page? ) . If the SAT # 8217 ; s are non considered an aptitude trial any longer, so why topographic point so much accent on making good on them? The ground being is that many colleges take into consideration the mark that the pupil has received on the SAT as portion of their entryway scrutiny. The colleges should non take such a drastic expression at the SAT # 8217 ; s, and should pay more attending to the classs that the pupil had received in high school. When used in combination with other factors, the SAT so becomes a utile assistance for college entryway credence. # 8220 ; SAT tonss, when used together with high school classs or category rank, are better forecasters of college class point norm than are SAT tonss entirely # 8221 ; ( Dejnizka and Kapel 456 ) . The SAT is still used to assist do the determinations as to who gets into some schools, eventhough it is entirely a rough manner at acknowledging a pupil. The SAT is no longer an aptitude trial, shows no cogency, and does an extrememly hapless occupation at demoing the ability of the pupil. However, when the SAT is used in concurrence with other factors such as high school GPA, an interview with the pupil, an entryway essay, etc. , so it may be a partly acceptable agencies of anticipation. Not the best paper that I have of all time written, but hope it helps. Brazziel, William F. ? Bettering SAT Tonss: Professionals, Cons, Methods. ? The Journal of Negro Education. 57 ( 1988 ) : 81. Deighton, Lee C. ? Test Validity? The Encyclopedia of Education. New York: MacMillian C A ; TFP, 1971. Dejnozka, Edward L. , and David E. Kapel. Ed. American Educators? Encyclopedia. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1982. Good, Carter V. , and Winifred R. Merkel. Dictionary of Education. New York: McGraw-Hill BC, 1957. Lemann, Nicholas. ? Puttering With The Test. ? New York Times 13 Sept. 1999, OP-ED. Lawlor, Sarah, et. Al. ? The Validity Of Using The SAT As A Criterion For Black And White Students Admission To College. ? College Student Journal 31 ( 1997 ) : 507.

What Is WooCommerce WooCommerce 101, Explained for Beginners

Wondering what is WooCommerce? and whether its something you should use?Heres the quick answer, though well go more in-depth:WooCommerce helps you build an eCommerce store using WordPress.WordPress is like your websites operating system, and WordPress is also by far the most popular way to make a website.WooCommerce takes that basic WordPress operating system and turns it into a fully-functioning eCommerce store. 🚄 Shortcut: Want to make an eCommerce store with WooCommerce? Read this.More than that, WooCommerce is the most popular way to build an eCommerce store for successful sites. It powers 25% a plurality of the eCommerce stores in the top 1 million sites worldwide:Why is WooCommerce so popular?There are a bunch of reasons why WooCommerce is such a popular way to build an eCommerce store:💠¸ WooCommerce is free, and the underlying WordPress software is also free.👋 WooCommerce is open source. Anyone can go in and audit, modify, or extend the code.👠 WooCommerce is regular person friendly. You dont need to be an expert developer to launch a store.ðŸ”Å' WooCommerce is extensible. Using something called plugins, you can add all kinds of new functionality to your store without the need for any technical knowledge.📠± WooCommerce works on all devices. More and more people shop on smartphones, and WooCommerce is ready to serve those people.🎠¨Ã‚  WooCommerce looks how you want it to. Using something called themes, you can control exactly how your store looks without the need for any technical knowledge.🔒 WooCommerce is secure. Beyond being open source, WooCommerce comes from Automattic, a billion dollar company with the resources to secure your store.So what is WooCommerce? Its your way to build a secure, flexible eCommerce store using the most popular tool to make a website (thats WordPress!).What can you sell with WooCommerce?WooCommerce lets you sell pretty much anything.  Ã°Å¸â€™ °The most popular use i s to sell physical products, like t-shirts, jewelryanything. These are the types of stores youre familiar with think Amazon.But you can also use WooCommerce to sell digital products, or charge for appointments, reservations, services, etc.For example, if you had a vacation rental by the beach, you could use WooCommerce to let people reserve your house and pay the booking fee.Basically, if you want to sell something and accept payment for it, WooCommerce can help you do it.What are some examples of WooCommerce stores?To help answer the question of what is WooCommerce, lets take a look at some real examples of eCommerce stores that are powered by WooCommerce.Blue Star Coffee RoastersBlue Star Coffee Roasters uses WooCommerce to sell coffee and accessories direct to consumers.Jack Rudy Cocktail CoJack Rudy Cocktail Co sells cocktail mixers using WooCommerce.Deliciously Clean EatsHeres a different look at how you can use WooCommerce Deliciously Clean Eats uses it to create a restauran t ordering menu where shoppers can get meals delivered.What is WooCommerce and how do you use it? WooCommerce Author(s): AutomatticCurrent Version: 3.7.1Last Updated: October 9, 2019woocommerce.3.7.1.zip 92%Ratings 77,312,503Downloads WP 4.9+Requires In slightly more technical terms, WooCommerce is a plugin for WordPress. So if you want to create your own eCommerce store with WooCommerce, youll first need to install and set up WordPress.We have a full guide on how to make a website with WordPress and how to set up WooCommerce, but heres a quick run-down of the steps youll need to take†¦1. Purchase WordPress hosting and a domain nameWordPress hosting is what powers your store and makes it accessible to the world and your domain name is the permanent address of your store on the Internet (ours is themeisle.com).WordPress hosting can cost anywhere from $10 per month for a small store to $50+ per month for a large store, and a domain name will typically only run you about $ 10 per year.To get you started, weve collected some of the best WooCommerce hosting providers, all of which can help you purchase your domain name, as well.2. Install WordPressOnce you have hosting, youll need to install the basic WordPress software. Most hosts make it easy to install WordPress, and some will even install it for you.3. Install WooCommerceAt this point, youll have a working, albeit basic, WordPress site. Youve basically built a blank canvas for your website. Now, youre going to get out the paintbrushes and make it into exactly what you want.First on your list install the WooCommerce plugin and run through its setup wizard to configure its basics. Once youve done that, youll officially have a working eCommerce store.4. Extend WooCommerce with plugins and themesNow for the fun part making things your own.To customize your store, you can use two types of extensions:ðŸ”Å' Plugins these extend your store with new functionality (just like the WooCommerce plugin exte nds the core WordPress software with eCommerce functionality).🎠¨ Themes these let you control how your store looks to visitors. Think of them kind of like changing your stores clothing you can easily switch outfits until you find one you like.You can find lots of great free and paid WooCommerce themes.Go to topWhat is WooCommerce? A recapSo what is WooCommerce? At this point, you should be ready to answer this question:WooCommerce is a free tool that helps you build an eCommerce store. Whats more, its powered by the open source WordPress software, which is the most popular way to build a website in existence.Beyond offering you a secure, functional way to create a store, WooCommerce is also easy to extend, which lets you customize your store to meet your needs.To get started with WooCommerce, youll need to:Purchase hosting and a domain nameInstall WordPressInstall the WooCommerce pluginExtend your store with plugins and themesFor a deeper look, check out our guide on how to set up WooCommerce 👈. our WooCommerce vs Shopify comparison.Still confused by the question of what is WooCommerce? Ask away in the comments and well try to help out.Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips.

Mastermind Groups

Mastermind Groups Last week I received a wonderful outpouring of understanding from my readers after reading Master Being Yourself. Thanks so very much. I do believe my new group of writers, a small group of like minds, is better for me. This same week, I was invited to a Mastermind Group. Sort of Karma-ish, I think. Here I am closing a painful door, yet another swings open. Id never heard of a Mastermind Group before, so I looked it up. a community of supportive colleagues who brainstorm together to move the members to new heights. Your mastermind group is like having an objective board of directors, a success team, and a peer advisory group, all rolled into one. See more at: thesuccessalliance.com/what-is-a-mastermind-group.html Mastermind groups have been around since the beginning of time, apparently. Benjamin Franklin belonged to a Junto, his title for such a group. Napoleon Hill in his timeless classic, Think And Grow Rich defines a Mastermind Group as, The coordination of knowledge and effort of two or more people, who work toward a definite purpose, in the spirit of harmony. No two minds ever come together without there Like I stated last week, we have to be happy in our own skins. However, theres nothing wrong with seeking feedback from others, because we dont have all the answers. We dont have to accept that feedback as gospel, but we must learn to appreciate there are options to the limited answers we know. The key is being open-minded about those answers, and mature enough to pick and choose what we want out of the mix and not take anything personal. In other words, remember the goal is still to be happy. Thats why you need a critique group, or beta group, or editorial consultant. Thats why your publisher and agent need to be on your side. Think of such feedback like the hardware store. You have a project (you), and to determine how to build it to the best of your ability, you go into the hardware store and study all the optional tools. You research, ask questions of the experts working in the store, then make your selection, go home, and build your project. Always remember: Advice is optional. The ultimate choices of molding yourself are your own. Regardless how you build, be happy with the result.

Hunters in the Snow by Tobias Wolff Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hunters in the Snow by Tobias Wolff - Essay Example But in "Hunters in the Snow", lies, betrayal and insensitivity have overshadowed the good aspects of one another. This situation is played out in a snowy surrounding, as if the whiteness of the place makes a stark background to the evil that's brewing among the three friends. Each of the three buddies tries to look for a deer to shoot, each not really keen on doing so, and this accounts so much for their failure (other hunters as told in the story would have their deer "strapped to the hoods" of their jeeps and cars) as not having seen a deer to shoot. Tub, the first character introduced in the story is a sensitive person who battles a gluttony problem and hides it with apparent efforts to diet. Sensitivity in a person, though a positive trait makes that person vulnerable to others and makes him violent at times. Tub fires off at a Kenny for shooting at old dog after their failure to shoot any deer, "What did he ever do to you" Both Frank and Kenny, rib him for being fat, knowing that "Nobody knows. That's the worst of it, Frank. Not the being fat, I never got any big kick out of being thin, but the lying. Having to lead a double life like a spy or a hit man. Like when I make a big deal about only having an orange for breakfast and then scarf all the way to work. Oreos, Mars Bars, Twinkies. Sugar Babies. Snickers". And when Tub shoots Kenny, out of weakness and fear that he would end up like the unfortunate dog, he could only say, "I had to". Among the three friends, Frank probably has the capacity to be understanding about the extreme sides of his two friends - Tub's sensitivity and Kenny's toughness. Instead, this insight to the truth made him perverted and manipulative. When Tub was horrified with Frank's confirmation of an affair with a fifteen-year old girl, he makes for a philosophical pitch against conformity, "You can't just put people into categories like that, Tub. That's why the whole system is wrong. And that's why this country is going to hell in a rowboat." Frank even likens his young girlfriend with Shakespeare's Juliet, an indication of his intellectual capacity "Fifteen. She'll be sixteen in May. May fourth, three twenty-seven p.m. Hell, Tub, a hundred years ago she'd have been an old maid by that age. Juliet was only thirteen." Frank also pitches for Tub's sympathy for his relationship trouble and to appease his guilt towards his plans of leaving his wife. He does by taking advantage of Tub's food weakne ss - and succeeds because Tub also needs Frank to expiate himself from shooting their friend. The two takes their time at another roadhouse, not really in a hurry to carry their bleeding friend to a hospital. Instead, Frank orders Tobias Wolff's's "Hunters in the Snow" platefuls of pancakes, butter and syrup to further corrupt Tub and make him an accomplice in his deceit. When at the end, and on the wheel, he says "I'm going to the hospital" to the bleeding Kenny's hope of making it alive - he commits the final betrayal, with Tub's connivance. Kenny, the apparent

Summarizing and explaining the data Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Summarizing and explaining the data - Essay Example I resembled too with my class males in extroversion but three points above the females of my class. It gave the thought that female class students were lesser aware of the outer social environment than the males who had greater adaptability to intimate with the outer environment. However, the scores in quirkiness declared all students the same. They had similar levels of oddity attached to their minds and personalities. In aspects of conscientiousness and agree-ability, my classmates were three points below than me. Above all, my scores in these important aspects were closer to the national students’ averages (Sharma). In comparative analysis, the next step is to compare results with respect to gender. The results articulate that the scores are almost the similar of class males and of the national male students altogether. A slightest difference is in the openness factor where the class males are slightly above (two points above) than the national male students. Similarly, the scores of our class females are almost the same to the national scores of females. A slightest difference is in the extroversion factor where class females are two points below than the national females. The results assert that class males are more open-minded than national males and class females are less extroverted than national females. This is the only major projection of difference found in the scores, a difference which is also identified in the average curve graph. Moreover, the results depict that class males are more extroverted than national males, which is another noticing factor. Overall, the average scores of c lass males and class females stand out the same-close to each other, which shows that there is no such significant difference found in scores with respect to gender. Furthermore, the results depicted high scores in agreeability and low scores in quirkiness with respect

Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Coursework - Essay Example Introduction The global financial have been experiencing a rapid growth in last two decades and considering the present scenario of the global market, it can be claimed the market is emerging with major developments. The globalization of financial market has been passing constant developments which have been led by the concept of globalization and internationalization. Globalization has influenced the entire human activities including their culture and life style. In case of the business, the globalization has led to bring significant improvement including the process of management. The thought process of managers and owners has changed as they have started to realize their responsibilities. On the other, with this internationalization of business, the entire global business is also suffering from complexities and intensified competition. However, in order to cope with these complexities and competition, the business organizations have also developed a number of effective tools and t echniques. In the same manner, the global financial markets have also emerged as an important and developed industry. Finance always has been a vital area for the every individual and institution. With the increasing the globalization of business, the necessity of financial services has also been frequently. The global the financial institutions and companies have realized the underlying opportunities in global platform and they keep expanding their market. In this course of development in the global financial markets, there are certain influencing factors. This paper will attempt to discuss important aspects of international financial markets which have led to bring such development. The overall discussion will be presented in four major sections followed by a concluding remark. The first will address the role of financial deregulation and capital control in international diversification. The next section will offer s discussion the two major drivers of financial i.e. technology an d innovation in global financial market and it will be followed by a description and mechanism of carry trade strategy. Finally, the influence of international capital market on share price and cost of capital will be explained followed by an overall conclusion. 2. Role of Financial Deregulation and Capital Control on Financial Globalization and International Diversification 2.1. Concept of Financial Deregulation and Capital Control The importance of the financial deregulation has started to rise with increasing opportunities in the global market place. Financial deregulation can be referred as abolishment of restrictive laws that often cause barriers for the financial institutions. Financial deregulations are important and similar as the free trade policies. Both, the financial deregulation and free trade policy strive to bring development in the market by increasing competition Hope and Maeleng have defined the free trade policies as â€Å"competitor-enhancing device† as it is meant to discard the unnecessary restriction and barriers by offer

The Significance Of The Enlightenment Philosophy Essay

The Significance Of The Enlightenment Philosophy Essay The purpose of writing this essay is to understand and analyse the significance of the Enlightenment in the development of the scientific method.This paper has been divided into three parts. The first part explains the reason of the coming of Enlightenment. Next,assessing the differences between theological interpretation and scientific method,and the third part analyses the Enlightenments spirit how to promote the development of scientific method.In addition,I will refer to a number of representative,for example,Newton,Rene Descartes, John Locke, David Hume,Rousseau, Kant and they rejected that theory was the only way leading to truth, condemning peoples thoughts about Christianity,celebrating reason,equality,science and humans ability to perfect themselves and society(Herry,J.2004).Their theories and contributions play an active role in the development of the scientific method .The overall purpose is to enable people to learn about the Enlightenment, the coming of scientific method ,and understand the significance of the Enlightenment in the development of the scientific method of inquiry. At the beginning ,lets see the reason of the coming of the Enlightenment.Firstly,in the seventeen and eighteen century ,European societies underwent a transition from feudal society to a capitalist society.With the development of economic, the bourgeoisie hold a strong power. But the feudal autocratic system was a huge obstacle to their further development, in order to overthrow the feudal remnants and replace them, the bourgeoisie must create public opinion. This was the original prupose of English Enlightenment(Hamilton, P. 1992). Secondly, the occurrence of the Enlightenment had a close relationship between the development of the natural sciences.In the 17,18 century, the natural sciences has been rapid development. The development of the natural sciences provide the basis for the Enlightenment, as the Enlightenment thinkers in many ways from the emerging natural sciences to find the theoretical underpinnings and ways of thinking.In the 18th century ,natural philosophers believed that scientific revolution could change all human activity.On this period, there have been many enlightened thinkers,who forcefully dispelled the shackles of peoples mind of the medieval scholastic shackles,promote scientific experiments and celebrated reason,equality,science and humans ability to perfect themselves and society(Henry,J.2004).Enlightenment was generated in this request. And then formed the basic spirit of the Enlightenment,which was against the divine right of kings and advocated natural rights, which based on the development of modern science and led to generate a new world view. Enlightenment was an anti-feudal, anti-Christian ideology and culture of the revolutionary movement(Herry,J.2004).It was the furtherance of the Renaissance of the fifteenth century, took placed during the seventeenth and eighteenth century in Europe, was originally produced in the UK, and then developed into France, Germany and Russia, in addition, the Netherlands, Belgium and other countries were also affected.The thinkers of the Enlightenment,based on reason and materialism,denounced the Christian idea of peoples inherent depravity,celebrating reason,equality,science and humans ability to perfect themselves and society (Outram,D). An important aspect of the Enlightenment flourished the development of science. The thinkers of the Scientific Revolution generated the concepts of inductive and deductive reasoning, stimulating the formation of the scientific method(Kuhn, T. 1962). The scientific method was the understanding of the nature of scientific knowledge or access to the procedure or process.Compared with theological interpretation,scientific method is practiced within using empirical evidence(empiricism), practicing logical reasonsing(rationalism),and had a skeptical about presumed knowledge (skepticism),that led to self-questioning, holding tentative conclusions, and was willing to change their religion(Steven, D 1994).The Empiricist Bacons New instrument (1620) and the rational commentators of Descartess Scientific method (1637) were represented the two wings of the scientific method the experience and assumptions inductive and deductive method. They laid the scientific method of pattern or schema.(Perry,M.1993) Enlightenments spirit promote the development of scientific method(Kuhn, T. 1962).In many ways, the basic spirit of the Enlightenment was against the divine right of kings and advocated natural rights, which based on the development of modern science and led to generate a new world view.In addition,the Enlightenment grew directly out of the scientific revolution(Kuhn, T. 1962).The Enlightenment thinkers admired the discoveries of the scientific method revolution and valued the method that made them possible.In a world , the Enlightenment promote the development of the scientific method of inquiry.Through the three generations of enlightenment and their contribution to be find. The Enlightenment was largely the work of three overlapping and closely linked generations of thinkers(Hamilton,1992:25). The first generation of Enlightenment thinkers were the English scientist Isaac Newton(1642-1727),political philosopher John Locke(1632-1704),the French thinkers Voltaire(1694-1778 ).In the 17th century, the great achievements of modern science has changed human life and world view. Newtons natural philosophy deciphered natures mysteries.In 1687,Newton published a famous book: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, in this book ,he provided a lot of mathematical evidence of the laws of gravity. He had uncovered universal laws that explained the physical phenomena,and provide clear and certain answers to the problem of the social world (Outram,D).Newton, considered one of the most influential scientists. He encouraged everyone to observe and realize the world. Equally important, Newton shows scientific ideas and methods can be applied to the development of science, not a moment to pave the way for many generations the enlightenment thinkers.(Henry,J.2004). One of the leaders of the Enlightenment Voltaire, who introduced Newtons system of thought to the center of movement France.A rational spirit of the Enlightenment was against the ignorance and mysticism, in fact,made a popularity of the spirit of science. During the same period,another philosophies John Locke developed Bacons idea that all ideas and derived all knowledge, opinions and behaviour had to based on sense expenses and attacked on metaphysics.According his thought,Locke established empiricism .And after that,Enlightenment thinkers held that people should not dwell on unanswered questions, especially should not spent time on the result of the theology, but should seek practical knowledge, inspired people and made them control their own environment(Outram,D).They thought that all of the theory must be analyzed to determine and the practical experience of mankind based on the confirmation.Lockes empiricism instead of chrity and verification and aspiried to useful knowledge.Thus, it helped to mold the utilitarian and reformist spirit of the Enlightenment. The second generation included the Scottish philosopher David Hume(1711-1776) and French philosopher Rousseau(1712-1778).It was more explicitly anticlericaland continued and developed the interest in the application of scientific method to moral(or social) issues developed by members of the first generation. The Scottish philosopher David Hume was influenced by John Locke,made a philosophical discovery that opened up to him a new senses of thought'(Hamilton, P. 1992).From then on,scientific method offered greater opportunities to question even basic assumption.In 1739 , David Hume published the Treatise of Human Nature argued that the problem of induction was unsolvable.Humes skepticism was based on experience,and based on the argument, these arguments were divided into two aspects: one was with Locke and Berkeley as the representative of the implementation of the principles of empiricism and the development of this argument will be advanced to British empiricism its logical conclusion, explaining that it implied skepticism; the other was through experience and psychological analysis demonstrates that the human while the existence of an object with the outside world, the same self and causality, etc., irresistible natural beliefs, However, we did not have these beliefs was based on objec tive reality, we can describe their psychological processes occur, but not for their objective validity of the defence.The most important of Humes approach was strong move against metaphysics as speculative and meaningless(Lindberg,1990).By 1750 the scientific method had already become inductive, historical, anthropological, comparative, and critical(Hamilton, P. 1992). In the same period,another Enlightenment thinkers Jean-Jacques Rousseau pointed out the accumulation of knowledge,which can help people to improve understanding but destruct the human morality(Stephen,E.B.2008). Rousseau questioned advanced in knowledge and advocated getting back to nature.Rousseaus argument for educational purposes in order to cultivate a natural person, and attacked the nobility and the feudal education, and he believed that nature did not manufacture the nobility and gentry, and everyone should, according to nature and life. In this respect, Rousseaus theory was a progressive of the educational purposes, but his theory of human nature was good when he born that was not science, because nature was just the potential physical and mental development, education can not be one-sided response to peoples instincts.In the new society,reason would be used to enhance mans innate goodness and to make him free.Rousseaus empnases on self-reliance and on learning by doing rathe r than by rote-the first book that Emile will read was Robinson Crusoe-make him a forerunner of the progressive education advocated. From then on ,scientific knowledge came to be seen as instrument for securing control over the human condition and make it better(Loflin,L). Enlightenment was characterized by doing away with superstition and mysticism, advocate science (natural philosophy, or simply said in philosophy) and reason this period was known as the Age of Reason(Kuhn, T) The ideal of the Enlightenment inspired many subsequent thinkers-The third generation included the German philosopher Kant (1724à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1804) who couraged people to use own intelligence to break with beliefs and institutions(Hamilton, P. 1992). Kant attempted to steer a middle course between two position of Rationalism and Empiricism.Reason and observation work together(Perry,M.1993).In 1784,Kant entitledwhat is Enlightenment?,in his essay,he expressed this central principle of the Enlightenment.He said Enlightenment was mans leaving his self-caused immaturity.Immaturity is the incapacity to use ones intelligence without the guidance of another. Have the courage to use your own intelligence,is therefore the motto of the enlightenment. Kant rejected the authority of tradition, the philosopher wanted people to have the courage to break with beliefs and institutions that did not meet the test of reason and common to seek new guideposts derived from reason.For Kant, the Enlightenment was a process of becoming enlightened(Perry,M.1993). This assignment has explained the central importance of the Enlightenment in the development of scientific method.In early modern time,from Bacon cannot link the relationship between truth and reason,and Descartes simply described the reason and truth,human reason and scientific method and progress.In the Pre-Modernment time,Enlightenment reached peak amongest the French philosopher.Using the scientific methods based on the nature of science ,which was the objective forms of knowledge. However, Enlightenment itself was in a moral restraint to improve society. In other words, the moral dimension of enlightenment was built on a specific value(Stephen,E.B 2008). From this point, Enlightenment can be seen as a standard program. Scientific method, on the other hand, regarded itself as one of the biggest pursuit of justice that was interested in discovery of facts in the form of objective à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¹Ã…“lawsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢. We have seen Enlightenment enabled the study of social life to break away from religious interpretations and established human beings as the active agency in constructing scientific knowledge.In addition, the Enlightenment marks the final break between pre-modern and modern knowledge,for it transformed the way in which the system of knowledge related to the social structure and social agency.It operated principles of modern knowledge.At the same time,the development of the natural sciences provide the basis for the Enlightenment, as the Enlightenment thinkers in many ways from the emerging natural sciences to find the theoretical underpinnings and ways of thinking and lead to promote the scientific and economic, social and political transformation of development.

Educational Psychology Essay example -- essays research papers

Essay Topic (Unit 10 – Question #3) How would you as a teacher encourage intrinsic motivation in students? Intrinsic Motivation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Intrinsic motivation can be defined as â€Å"motivation associated with activities that are their own reward† (Perry 2003). It is motivation that stems from your inner feelings and views which feed your desires to accomplish and perform. Oppositely, extrinsic motivation is â€Å"motivation created by external factors such as rewards and punishments† (Perry 2003). When you are extrinsically motivated, you are only performing the task for what you will gain from completion. On the other hand, when we are intrinsically motivated, there is no requirement for external rewards or punishments because the activity is a reward in itself. It is a benefit for students to be intrinsically motivated in the classroom because they are leaning for knowledge and not just for marks or grades. Most students are naturally extrinsically motivated at school by things such as grades and their future career. In a perfect world we â€Å"want students to be motivated also by the love of learning, knowledge for the sake of knowledge, and positive feelings about themselves† (McKinney).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One way of intrinsically motivating students is to â€Å"foster student autonomy† (Specific Classroom Management Methods). Students are more motivated to do things they enjoy than things they do not enjoy. By giving students options and choices, they are feeling in control more than when they are boxed in to the instructions they are normally given. Something as simple as letting the child decide what order they want to do a series of tasks in could make a large difference. One way of fostering independence could be done by giving students a choice from a selection of different books to read. When studying a particular subject, let the students choose what kind of project they would like to do (report, presentation or model). If there are multiple ways of doing something, show the students the different methods so that they can explore and figure out which one works best for them. As a teacher, â€Å"Help students understand how they learn most effectively † (McKinney). Have students keep a journal where they can write down what they’ve learned from completing assignments. Minimizing pressure is also and important aspect of fostering autonomy.... ...ack. This is a way in which the teacher can use constructive criticism to help students improve their work. It also enables the teacher to acknowledge work that has been done well. On the other hand, self-evaluation should be encouraged by asking the child how they think they did. This takes the child away from searching for the external motivation of your praise. It will instead lead them to want to do well for themselves, not just for their teacher. Intrinsic motivation can be increased to fabricate the life-long learners educators wish for and society needs. Teaching children to look for internal motivation is not an easy task and cannot be mastered by one teacher alone. All teachers need to make it their main focus for students to make it their primary motivator. References McKinney, Kathleen. Encouraging Students’ Intrinsic Motivation. Illinois State University. http://www.cat.ilstu.edu/conf/handouts/intrinsicmot.shtml. Perry N., Winne P., Woolfolk A., Educational Psychology. Pearson Education Canada Incorporated: Toronto, Ontario 2003. Specific Classroom Management Methods. http://seamonkey.ed.asu.edu/~jimbo/RIBARY_Folder/specific.htm

Feelings towards Essay

All throughout this scene there are various indications about the rising tension caused by Eddie’s feelings towards his niece – Catherine. It begins when Eddie confronts Rodolfo about taking advantage of Beatrice and not treating Eddie with respect. ‘I know, but in your own town you wouldn’t just drag off some girl, without permission’. Here he is highlighting the lack of respect he feels that Rodolfo treats him with. He is referring to Beatrice as ‘some girl’, which shows that in Eddie’s eyes Rodolfo does not see Beatrice as anything special or important. Beatrice (Eddies wife) suspects that Eddie’s feelings towards Catherine are un-natural and contributes throughout this scene to the rise in tension. ‘Well he didn’t exactly drag her off though, Eddie’. This would annoy Eddie, as he is not receiving any support, she is also saying that Catherine is independent and chose to go with Rodolfo which would raise tension further. When Eddie tells Rodolfo that he is simply her uncle, Beatrice pounces on this and retorts â€Å"Well then, be an uncle then†. The others would take this at face value, however Beatrice is referring to Eddie’s un-natural affection for Catherine, which will shock Eddie. Marco then issues a challenge to Eddie, asking him to say what Rodolfo has done wrong. Eddie says that Catherine was never out on the street till twelve o’clock at night before Rodolfo came. Marco instantly tells Rodolfo that he must come home early now. By saying this Marco has eliminated the supposed problem, which leaves Eddie with no problem in which he can camouflage his jealousy. Now that Eddie has no more problems but has a dented ego. He begins to create new problems, however he disguises them so that these problems are perceived as concern for Rodolfo; ‘I mean suppose he gets hit by a car, where’s his papers, who is he, you know what I mean? ‘ Beatrice states that the same risk is generated during the day when he is at work. Here we see that Eddie is ‘holding back a voice full of anger’ almost like a car revving up. This simple action is showing the rise in tension as a result of Eddie’s problem. Eddie now retreats to his rocking chair, showing that he is fighting a losing battle. As Eddie is reading his paper, awkwardness is felt in the room. Catherine reacts by putting the record ‘Paper Doll’ on; the title in itself indicates the song content. Then Catherine is overcome with rebellion/revolt and asks Rodolfo to dance, causing Eddie to freeze and feel uncomfortable. Rodolfo realises this and refuses to dance however Beatrice and Catherine soon persuade him. As Eddie burns a hole through Rodolfo’s back he asks, â€Å"What’s this, a new record? † Eddie has heard this song many times before, however he is no hearing it through new ears, new jealous ears. When Marco reveals that Rodolfo is a very good cook, Eddie finds this amusing and mockingly says, â€Å"It’s wonderful. He sings, he cooks, he could make dresses. † Thus making another dig at Rodolfo, implying that he has homosexual tendencies. Rodolfo mistakenly takes this as a compliment and smiles thankfully. This is another opportunity for Eddie to put Rodolfo down and he says that he should not be working on the boats but instead working in a dress shop. Yet again he phrases it so that it may be perceived as a compliment. During this speech he unconsciously twists his newspaper into a tight roll, which gives an insight into his somewhat angered/resentful thoughts and also symbolises the rise in tension.

A Balanced Scorecard for Small Business †Small Business Research Paper (500 Level Course)

A Balanced Scorecard for Small Business – Small Business Research Paper (500 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers A Balanced Scorecard for Small Business Small Business Research Paper (500 Level Course) Abstract The balanced scorecard is a performance management system that enables businesses to drive strategies based on measurement and follow-up. Since the early 1990s the balanced scorecard has been applied in numerous large organizations resulting in many positive results that have been chronicled in the management literature. However, there are few studies addressing the use of a balanced scorecard within small companies. Hence, this paper presents a discussion of the key elements of the balanced scorecard and its applicability to small business. Executive Summary The balanced scorecard (BSC) approach helps organizations manage the implementation of their strategies. The BSC measures an organization’s performance from four key perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth. The BSC approach logically links these four perspectives. Improvements in employee learning and growth result in improved internal business processes, which create better products and services and, therefore, higher customer satisfaction and higher market share, leading to enhanced financial results for the organization. Thus, a good balanced scorecard identifies many cause-and-effect relationships within the business and helps employees and managers appreciate the roles of employee and task as well as the importance of each result to the overall corporate effort. For a decade, large firms have subscribed to the BSC approach, with mixed results. Most failures follow an inconsistent or half-hearted application of the BSC, or an unwillingness to consider the BSC a dynamic process of self-improvement. The successful implementers of BSC agree on its usefulness for translating strategy into a coherent, linked, limited set of under-standable, measurable operational goals. Small firms can benefit from the BSC approach by avoiding pitfalls of large firms whose BSC implementations failed. While small firms may deploy measures of performance covering fewer processes, and collect less data to evaluate performance, in the end, the methodology is the same and benefits will inure to small firms willing to treat BSC as a dynamic self-improvement process. Thus, firm size is not a barrier to the successful implementation of this important measurement and follow-up tool. A Balanced Scorecard for Small Business Elite companies successfully apply performance measurement to gain insight into, and make judgments about, the organization and the effectiveness and efficiency of its programs, processes, and people (Amaratunga, Baldry, Sarshar, 2001). One criticism of such programs is their failure to measure and monitor multiple dimensions of performance by focusing almost exclusively on financial measures (Brignall Ballantine, 1996). Studies by Dixon, Nanni, Vollman (1990), Ernst Young (1998), Neely (1998), and Daly (1996) suggest that a comprehensive performance evaluation system has greater predictive validity than one that is purely financially oriented. Recognizing the difficulties of an overemphasis on financial measures, Kaplan and Norton (1992; 1993; 1996a; 1996b; 2000), advised that long-term organizational excellence can be achieved only by taking a broad, holistic, and balanced approach and not by focusing solely on financials. Using the balanced scorecard (BSC) approach managers are encouraged to take a â€Å"balanced view across a range of performance measures† (Amaratunga et al., 2001, p. 180) including â€Å"†¦financial and nonfinancial measures relating to a company’s critical success factors† (Chow, Haddad, Williamson, 1997, p. 7). Hence this paper discusses BSC as a tool applicable to small business to improve their performance and is structured in several sections. First, we outline the BSC approach and illustrate some applications. Next, we present the context, strengths, and challenges of a BSC approach. Then we discuss the applicability of a BSC to small business and what it might look like for a small organization. A summary concludes the paper. The BSC The BSC is an integrated set of financial and non-financial measures. It is an integral part of an organizations strategy execution process that emphasizes communicating strategy to the members and providing feedback to help attain objectives (Mendoza Zrihen, 2001). The score-card can be used at different levels: the total organization, a sub-unit, or even at the individual employee level as a â€Å"personal scorecard.† For each level, the BSC approach identifies the key components of operations, sets goals for them, and finds ways to measure progress toward achieving these goals. Taken together, the measures provide a holistic view of performance both inside and outside the organization, and allow each constituent of the organization to see how his or her activities contribute to attaining the organizations overall mission. As Richard Quinn, Vice President of Quality at Sears, has observed, â€Å"You simply cant manage anything you cant measure† (Lingle Schiemann, 19 96, p. 61). This trend toward seeking better measurement systems is well documented. Birchard (1995) and Kurtzman (1997) report that most US companies seek improvements in the performance measurement area. The shared concern of these companies is that measurement systems that focus on the wrong aspects of performance can undermine the organizations strategic mission by perpetuating short-sighted business practices (Hoffecker Goldenberg, 1994). As a measurement system, the BSC is based on several underlying notions. The first is that financial measures alone inadequately measure the health of a company and that a single-minded pursuit of financial objectives could lead to long-term ruin. The second is that BSC focuses on process, not metrics. As such, it is forward-looking (e.g., â€Å"How can our organization retain its best customers?†) rather than backward-looking (e.g., â€Å"What were our organization’s earnings per share last quarter?†). The third is that the scorecard is an analytic framework for translating a company’s visions and business strategies into specific, quantifiable goals and for monitoring performance against those goals. When fully deployed, the BSC transforms strategic planning from an academic exercise into the nerve center of an enterprise (Figure 1). Kaplan and Norton further describe the innovation of the BSC as follows: â€Å"The BSC retains traditional financial measures. But financial measures tell the story of past events, an adequate story for industrial age companies for which investments in long-term capabilities and customer relationships were not critical for success. These financial measures are inadequate, however, for guiding and evaluating the journey that information age companies must make to create future value through investment in customers, suppliers, employees, processes, technology, and innovation† (1996b, p. 7). Across organizations, the relevant BSC components vary depending on the organization’s specific goals and circumstances. However, there is some agreement that a typical BSC would include the following four components in some form (Horngren, Foster, Datar, 2000): Learning and growth perspective: Can the firm continue to improve and create value for customers? Internal business process perspective: In which capabilities must the firm excel? Customer perspective: How do customers see the firm? Financial perspective: How does the firm look to providers of financial resources? Inherent in this model is the idea that â€Å"gains in the learning and growth perspective lead to improvements in internal business processes, which in turn lead to higher customer satisfaction and market share, and finally to superior financial performance† (Horngren et al., 2000, p. 467). Thus, the BSC scheme is organized and rational and identifies for employees and management the importance of each perspective as a feeder of success into the next perspective. Insert Figure 1 about here The learning and growth perspective This perspective includes employee training and corporate cultural attitudes related to individual and organizational self-improvement. In a knowledge-worker organization, people- the only repository of knowledge- are the main resource and should be in a continuous learning mode. Appropriate metrics can guide managers in focusing training funds where they can help the most. Frequently cited BSC measures for the learning and growth perspective emphasize employee capabilities (e.g., employee education and skill levels, employee satisfaction scores, employee turnover rates); information systems availability (e.g., percentage of front-line employees with on-line access to customer information, percentage of business processes with real-time feedback); and motivation and empowerment (e.g., number of suggestions per employee, percentage of employee suggestions implemented, and percentage of compensation based on individual and team incentives). Kaplan and Norton (2000) emphasize that learn ing includes not only training, but also mentoring, ease of communication among workers, and technological tools. The internal business process perspective Metrics based on this perspective allow managers to evaluate how well their business is running, and whether its products and services conform to customer requirements (the mission). These metrics must be carefully designed by those who know these processes most intimately; with firms’ unique missions these cannot be developed exclusively by outside consultants. Frequently cited BSC measures for the internal business process perspective include the innovation process (manufacturing capabilities, number of new products or services, product development times, and number of new patents), operations process (yield, defect rates, product delivery time, on-time deliveries, average time taken to manufacture orders, setup time, manufacturing down time), and post sales service (time taken to replace or repair defective products, hours of customer training for using the product). The customer perspective Recent management philosophy has shown an increasing realization of the importance of customer focus and customer satisfaction in any business (Chabrow, 2003; Holloway, 2002; Needleman, 2003). If customers are not satisfied, they will eventually find other suppliers who will meet their needs. Poor performance from this perspective is thus a leading indicator of future decline, even though the current financial picture may look good. In developing metrics for satisfaction, customers should be analyzed in terms of kinds of customers and the kinds of processes for which an organization is providing a product or service to those customer groups. Frequently cited BSC measures for the customer perspective include market share, customer satisfaction, customer retention percentage, penetration of targeted market segments, and time taken to fulfill customer’s requests. The financial perspective Kaplan and Norton do not disregard the traditional need for financial data. Timely and accurate funding data will always be a priority, and managers will do whatever necessary to provide it. Often there is more than enough handling and processing of financial data. With the implementation of a corporate database, more of the processing can be centralized and automated. However, a non-BSC emphasis on financials leads to an â€Å"unbalanced† situation with regard to other perspectives, implying a need to include additional data such as risk assessment and cost-benefit data in this category. Frequently cited BSC measures for the financial per-spective include operating income, revenue growth, revenues from new products, gross margin percentage, cost reductions in key areas, economic value added, and return on investment. An example of these four perspectives in an actual business is presented in Figure 2 (Mair, 2002). As can be seen, once the strategy is identified, tactical objectives and performance standards in support of the strategy within the four perspectives are clearly delineated giving an organization a balanced measurement system. Insert Figure 2 about here Extant BSC implementations Recent articles and books discuss the advantages of the BSC and its application in the for-profit sector (e.g., Hoffecker Goldenberg, 1994; Kaplan Norton, 1992; 1993; 1996a; 1996b; 2000; Kurtzman, 1997; Maisel, 1992; Migliorato, Natan, Norton, 1996; Newing, 1994; 1995). Among the numerous successful users of the BSC are the AM R division of Mobil Oil, Tenneco, Brown and Root, ATT, Intel, 3Com, and Elf Atochem. Philips Electronics has used the BSC to align company vision, focus employees on how they fit into the big picture, and educate them on what drives the business (Gumbus Lyons, 2002). As an essential aid to communicating business strategy, the BSC works as a vehicle to create a quantitative expression of the business strategy from key financial indicators. In fact, Philips Electronics’ management team uses it to guide the quarterly business reviews worldwide in order to promote organizational learning and continuous improvement (Gumbus Lyons, 2002). Adopters in the service sector include the international accounting firm Ernst and Young (Vitale, Mavrinac, Hauler, 1994), the Bank of Montreal (Birchard, 1995), Allstate Corp. (Birchard, 1995) and Cigna Insurances property-and-casualty division (McWilliams, 1996). Even non-profit organizations such as universities (e.g., U. of California at San Diego) and governmental agencies (e.g., Department of Commerce) have embraced the BSC to help them become more effective (Relyea, 1998; Haddad, 1999). Context, strengths, and challenges of the BSC Context According to Abernathy (2000, p. 31), the typical employee does not understand the organization’s strategy and consequently fails to focus on the right things; does not know his or her personal role in accomplishing the strategy and as a result does what is required, not what is needed; and does not know how well he or she is doing or how to improve strategic results and thus, assuming performance is adequate, does not try to improve. In addition, employees in many organizations pursue personal rather than organizational goals, because of disharmony between employee and organizational strategies and goals, and because of existing reward structures that focus on individual or sub-unit achievements rather than the achievement of corporate goals (Kerr, 1975). In such a corporate environment, organizational suboptimization is the result of sub-organizational optimization. Frigo and Krumwiede (2000) suggest that the BSC can help remedy this situation because it requires organizatio ns to engage in several beneficial activities. These activities delineate the major strengths of the BSC, as outlined in the following section. Strengths The first strength the BSC approach is a focus on the company’s strategic direction. A BSC approach helps management communicate the companys mission by linking performance measures to its mission and strategy. While the idea of tailoring the company’s performance measurement system to its strategy is almost commonsensical, several studies conducted over the years note that too many firms fail to implement it properly. Kerr (1975), for example, described how many companies’ performance measurement systems rewarded behaviors other than the ones they hoped to obtain from their employees (e.g., firms often hope for teamwork but reinforce individual effort). Another advantage is the implementation of performance measures for each perspective that clearly relate to each other and to the mission of the organization. Thus, although the measures are necessary, communicating the importance of each activity as a crucial link in the larger organizational chain of events offers employees an appreciation of the context in which each task is performed and the context in which each result will be evaluated. The BSC approach limits the number of measures of performance used. Thus, it avoids a proliferation of measures and focuses management attention on measures crucial to the success-ful implementation of strategy. The BSC avoids the tendency to engage in the â€Å"majoring in the minors† characteristic of many organizations and managers (Busby, 1999; The Nielson Group, 2003). Finally, implementing the balanced scorecard is a beneficial activity because it responds to common questions raised in annual employee motivation surveys, such as How does what I do every day fit into the bigger picture of the company? The BSC enables employees to under-stand what they need to do on a daily basis to impact results (Gumbus Lyons, 2002, p. 49). Challenges of the BSC In many cases, the BSC no doubt delivers improvements over what existed before. But almost any organizational intervention triggers the Hawthorne effect (Kenny, 2003), named for experiments conducted in the 1920s and ’30s on a group of production employees at Western Electric. Those studies showed that attention placed on the activities being measured invariably led to performance improvements. Hence, many of these early BSC successes may simply be a manifestation of this phenomenon. Although the BSC is comprehensive in its coverage of perspectives, it might be that an organization, based on its particular strategy, might do better by focusing on one or more of these measures rather than having a balanced emphasis in each of the four areas, because different strategies have different requirements for success. Indeed, Slater, Olson, and Reddy (1997) argued that the scorecard should be â€Å"unbalanced,† based on the strategy of the business. Using Treacy and Wiersemas (1993, 1995) â€Å"value disciplines,† they asserted that product leaders should emphasize the innovation and learning perspective; customer-intimate companies (those that excel in customer intimacy) should emphasize the customer perspective; the operationally excellent should emphasize the internal business perspective; and all of the value disciplines should pay attention to the financial perspective. Their rationale was that each value discipline has a performance perspective that is a leading indicator of its financial performance. This â€Å"unbalanced† perspective is supported by Olson and Slater (2002) who found that as a group, prospectors (organizations seeking to locate and exploit new product and market opportunities; Miles Snow, 1978) emphasized the innovation and growth perspective more than any of the other strategy types, and high-performing low-cost defenders placed greater emphasis on the financial perspective than did low-performing ones. High performers that have adopted this competitive strategy also placed significantly lower emphasis on both the customer perspective and the innovation and growth perspective than did low performers. This suggests that attempting to get close to their customers and pursuing innovation and market growth detracted from low-cost defenders’ quest for efficiency. Thus, a balanced approach may not be appropriate for all organizations, and benefits can be derived from matching an emphasis in the scorecard to strategy type. McAdam O’Neill (1999) likewise suggest that the BSC method is potentially so broad that it may divert resources from those few areas that really are vital to shareholder return and does not readily weight the relative importance of the metrics it uses. While the four categories may have been right for Analog Devices (the first organization to use the BSC approach) at the time, they are not necessarily right for all organizations in all situations. The applicability of the BSC to small business Many large organizations have identified the BSC methodology as their chosen approach for deploying strategic direction, communicating expectations, and measuring progress towards corporate objectives. According to a recent survey by Bain Company, approximately 50% of Fortune 1,000 companies in North America and about 40% in Europe use a version of the BSC (Gumbus Lyons, 2002). Heaney (2003) indicates that the BSC is used by over half of the companies in Fortune’s Global 1000 companies. These data suggest that the BSC is primarily used by large organizations. This is regrettable since small businesses represent more than 99% of all employers, and employ more than half the private work force (American Small Businesses, 2003). Small business entrepreneurs create more than two out of every three new jobs and generate about 50% of the nations gross domestic product. Furthermore, more than three million minority-owned small businesses are providing job opportunities for millions of Americans in thousands of communities across America (American Small Businesses, 2003). Small business, then, is important to America and activities to improve these organizations are of critical importance. Large international firms tend to face more turbulent and competitive environments, have more dispersed and varied products and processes to coordinate and monitor, and have more resources for undertaking change initiatives. In comparison, small or local companies may have different needs, and what works for large companies may be ineffective or unnecessary for them (Chow et al., 1997). However, the benefits of the BSC can be just as significant for small businesses. Indeed, they may be more important since small companies focus mostly on financial goals, because they are often fighting for survival and it is difficult to make plans for the future when most of the effort is directed to making ends meet in the present (DeFeo, 2000). Most small firms require lower volumes of information to carry out their operations and evaluate their performance than do their larger counterparts. Nonetheless, the value of the information, and the communication of that information within the small firm, is crucial to the success of the small firm. Therefore, while the scope and magnitude of performance evaluation across the firm may be less in the small firm, the need for, and the benefits of, an effective system of performance evaluation is vital to all firms. Small firms enjoy innate advantages in their ability to achieve consensus and impart to employees news of change. The smaller number of interested internal parties reduces challenges to effective communication and facilitates corporate-wide team participation. It is easier to get ten people on board than it is to get ten thousand people on board, and it is easier to identify a party or parties not on board within a group of ten than within a group of ten thousand. The underpinnings of the BSC approach are as relevant to the small firm as to the large. Small firms have employees performing operational tasks and processes. If the employees are effective and efficient (i.e., sufficiently trained and motivated), then internal business processes will be efficient. Efficient operations run by effective employees should generate higher quality output, which will attract and keep satisfied customers. Repeat customers contribute marginally more to the firm’s bottom line than do new customers who must be wooed. In short, the BSC can work as well for the small firm as for the large firm. The BSC’s complexity may be diminished and its formality may be dampened in the context of a small firm, but neither its importance nor its utility suffers negative consequences related to firm size. Concluding remarks The BSC emphasizes measurement in four key business areas or perspectives. These four perspectives provide for a more comprehensive evaluation of the organization than the traditional emphasis on tangible and financial assets of the organization. Incorporating these perspectives in the BSC offers a framework for translating strategic objectives into performance measurements that gauge the effects of implemented strategies and provide feedback on the performance of strategic initiatives. We believe that the BSC offers some useful generic performance measurements that apply to practically all organizations. Companies, small or large, need to know how they measure up to their own goals and standards, and the BSC can give them the advantage they need to evaluate themselves accurately and, as a result, place themselves in a better position to compete. The main goal for small business is to manage their overall performance so that they make a profit. Birch (1998) said it best when he indicated that â€Å"The key point to remember is that what get measured gets managed† (p. 45). References Abernathy, W. B. (2000). Managing without supervising: Creating an organization-wide performance system. Memphis, TN: William B. Abernathy. 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Using the balanced scorecard to develop companywide performance measures. Journal of Cost Management, 8, 517. Holloway, A. (2002, October 28). It’s all about relationships. Canadian Business, 75, 80. Horngren, C. T., Foster, G., Srikant, M. D. (2000). Cost accounting: A managerial emphasis. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (1992, January-February). The balanced score card- Measures that drive performance. Harvard Business Review, 171-179. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (1993, September-October). Putting the balanced scorecard to work. Harvard Business Review, 135-147. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (1996a). The balanced score card. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (1996b, January-February). Using balanced scorecard as a strategic management system. Harvard Business Review, 75-85. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (2000). 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Research Papers on A Balanced Scorecard for Small Business - Small Business Research Paper (500 Level Course)Open Architechture a white paperAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalResearch Process Part OneInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPETSTEL analysis of IndiaStandardized TestingThree Concepts of PsychodynamicRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Free Essays on Operations Management--Bar Layout Design

McInnerney’s Sports Pub and Grill Layout Strategy I. General Background McInnerney’s Mission Statement †Our Goal is: To sell delicious and remarkable food and spirits. That the food and drink we sell meets the highest standards of quality, freshness and seasonality. To consistently provide our customers with impeccable service by demonstrating warmth, graciousness, efficiency, knowledge, professionalism and integrity in our work. To have every customer who comes through our doors leave impressed by McInnerney’s and excited to come back again. To create and maintain a restaurant and bar that is comprehensive and exceptional in its attention to every detail of operation. To provide all who work with us a friendly, cooperative and rewarding environment that encourages long- term, satisfying, growth employment. To be a giving member of the Iowa City community and to use our restaurant to improve the quality of life in the eastern Iowa region.† McInnerney’s offers both a product and a service. The product consists of the wide variety of food and drink. The service is the hospitality the staff provides to every individual customer. McInnerney’s is a small privately owned business. Their revenue consists of liquor sales (about 45%)and the rest from food sales (about 55%). The weekly sales at McInnerney’s, on average, is five to six thousand dollars. Annual sales are not available because McInnerney’s has only been open for business for eight months. They employ four full time workers (managers) and twenty-eight part time employees (cooks, wait staff, and bartenders). McInnerney’s customers consist mostly of individuals from age twenty-one all the way up to eighty. The majority of their customers are middle age men that like to drink alcohol and watch sports on television. They come to McInnerney’s for quality food, drinks, and customer service while they are watching ... Free Essays on Operations Management--Bar Layout Design Free Essays on Operations ManagementBar Layout Design McInnerney’s Sports Pub and Grill Layout Strategy I. General Background McInnerney’s Mission Statement †Our Goal is: To sell delicious and remarkable food and spirits. That the food and drink we sell meets the highest standards of quality, freshness and seasonality. To consistently provide our customers with impeccable service by demonstrating warmth, graciousness, efficiency, knowledge, professionalism and integrity in our work. To have every customer who comes through our doors leave impressed by McInnerney’s and excited to come back again. To create and maintain a restaurant and bar that is comprehensive and exceptional in its attention to every detail of operation. To provide all who work with us a friendly, cooperative and rewarding environment that encourages long- term, satisfying, growth employment. To be a giving member of the Iowa City community and to use our restaurant to improve the quality of life in the eastern Iowa region.† McInnerney’s offers both a product and a service. The product consists of the wide variety of food and drink. The service is the hospitality the staff provides to every individual customer. McInnerney’s is a small privately owned business. Their revenue consists of liquor sales (about 45%)and the rest from food sales (about 55%). The weekly sales at McInnerney’s, on average, is five to six thousand dollars. Annual sales are not available because McInnerney’s has only been open for business for eight months. They employ four full time workers (managers) and twenty-eight part time employees (cooks, wait staff, and bartenders). McInnerney’s customers consist mostly of individuals from age twenty-one all the way up to eighty. The majority of their customers are middle age men that like to drink alcohol and watch sports on television. They come to McInnerney’s for quality food, drinks, and customer service while they are watching ...